Inqubekelaphambili Yokucwaninga Okuphindaphindayo: Ukusuka Ekuthuthukisweni Kwesiginali kuya Kubuchwepheshe Obubalulekile Bamanethiwekhi Ahlakaniphile

Njengemishini ebalulekile kumanethiwekhi okuxhumana, abaphindayo babambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekwandiseni ibanga lokudluliswa kwesignali kanye nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yesiginali kusukela kwavela ubuchwepheshe bomsakazo. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana, ucwaningo oluphindaphindayo luye lwavela ekwandiseni isignali kalula ezinsukwini zakuqala ukuya ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezibonisa ubuhlakani, ukusebenzelana kwezinto eziningi, kwaba ingxenye ebalulekile yamanethiwekhi okuxhumana esimanje.

Abaphindayo bendabuko ngokuyinhloko basebenza ngokukhulisa amasiginali atholiwe futhi bawathumele kabusha. Nokho, lokhu{1}}kwandiswa okungakhethi kuholela ekunqwabelaneni komsindo, okukhawulela ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela. Ukuvela kokuphindaphinda kwedijithali ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwayithuthukisa kakhulu le nkinga. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokucutshungulwa kwesignali yedijithali (i-DSP), iziphindaphinda zedijithali zingahlunga umsindo futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yesignali, futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi eziteshini eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana zamaselula kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ze-fiber{5}}optic. Eminyakeni yakamuva, ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwe-5G kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), ucwaningo oluphindaphindayo luguqule ukugxila kwalo ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphansi, ukuzwela okuphezulu, kanye{8}}nokuhambisana kwamabhendi amaningi. Isibonelo, abaphindayo begagasi be-millimeter{10}}babhekana nenkinga yokunganele kwenethiwekhi ye-5G ngokudlulisela amasiginali{12}}kumabhendi amafrikhwensi aphezulu, kuyilapho abaphindayo berediyo bengqondo bengakwazi ukulungisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-spectrum ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwensiza.

Emkhakheni wamanethiwekhi ahlakaniphile, abaphindayo bahlanganiswe ngokujulile nobuchwepheshe be-artificial intelligence (AI). Ukufunda ngomshini{1}iziphindaphinda ezisuselwe ekuziphindaphindeni zingahlaziya ngokuzenzakalelayo izindawo zenethiwekhi, zibikezele amathrendi okuncishiswa kwesignali, futhi zithuthukise amasu okudlulisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwayo yonke inethiwekhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhuphuka kwe-inthanethi yesathelayithi kuqhubekisele phambili ukuthuthukiswa kweziphindaphinda zasemkhathini. Isibonelo, isistimu ye-SpaceX's Starlink isebenzisa{4}}iziphindaphinda zesathelayithi ye-orbit ephansi ukuze ifinyelele{5}}isivinini esikhulu se-inthanethi somhlaba wonke, iqhubekisele phambili imingcele yobuchwepheshe obuphindayo.

Ngokuzayo, ucwaningo oluphindayo luzoqhubeka luthuthukela ekuhlanganisweni, ekubeni luhlaza, nasekuzivumelaniseni nezimo. Ngokuhlola ubuchwepheshe be-6G,{2}}izindawo ezisemaphethelweni ezifana neziphindaphinda ze-terahertz neziphindaphinda ze-quantum zingase zibe impumelelo, zinikeze usekelo olubalulekile lobuchwepheshe kuzokuxhumana-eziphezulu{4}}eziphezulu{5}}eziphansi{6}}ezibambekayo. Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe obuphindaphindayo ayiqhubeki nje kuphela ngokuvela kwamanethiwekhi okuxhumana kodwa futhi ibeka isisekelo esiqinile sezimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezifana namadolobha ahlakaniphile kanye ne-Industrial Internet.